Factors that increase the risk of developing an addiction

• Social Challenges: The social communication differences characteristic of Autism can make social interactions and forming and maintaining meaningful relationships challenging for children and young people. These challenges can lead to feelings of isolation, loneliness, and a desire to fit in, which may increase the risk of turning to addictive substances or behaviours to cope with these emotions. 
• Communication Difficulties: Autistic individuals may struggle to effectively communicate their emotions, needs, and concerns. Turning to addictive substances or behaviours might be an attempt to manage emotions or escape from overwhelming feelings. 
• Sensory Sensitivities: Many autistic people experience sensory sensitivities, where certain sounds, lights, or textures can be overwhelming, painful or uncomfortable. Some may turn to addictive substances or behaviours as a way to cope with or dull down these overwhelming sensory experiences. 
• Routines and Repetitive Behaviours: Autistic people often find comfort in routines and repetitive behaviours. Unfortunately, this preference for repetition can also apply to addictive behaviours, making it harder for them to break free from addictive habits. 
• Co-occurring Mental Health Conditions: Many autistic people may also have co-occurring mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These conditions can increase the likelihood of developing addictive behaviours as a way to self-medicate and alleviate distress. 
• Vulnerability to Exploitation: Some autistic children and young people may be more trusting and less able to recognise potential risks or manipulation by others, making them more vulnerable to being introduced to addictive substances or behaviours. 
• Difficulty Coping with Change: Autistic individuals often struggle with adapting to change, and significant life transitions or stressful events may prompt some to turn to addictive behaviours as a way to cope. 

Given these potential risk factors, it’s crucial for parents, caregivers, teachers, and healthcare providers to be aware of the increased risk of addiction in autistic children and young people. Understanding from caregivers and professionals along with early education and support tailored to the young person’s unique needs can help mitigate these risks and provide alternative coping strategies. Additionally, professionals should consider both the addiction itself and any co-occurring conditions that may be influencing the individual’s behaviour. 

Building a strong support network, fostering understanding and empathy, and providing a safe and structured environment are essential steps to help autistic children and young people navigate challenges and reduce the likelihood of engaging in addictive behaviours.