Factors that contribute to low self-esteem

Self-esteem can change over time. It can be influenced by the people, the environment and the activities we are exposed to. Factors that may negatively impact self-esteem include:

• Negative Labels and Names: Being called derogatory labels such as ‘naughty,’ ‘stupid,’ ‘ugly,’ ‘bad,’ or ‘weird’ can deeply impact self-esteem. These labels reinforce negative perceptions and contribute to a distorted self-image.
• Criticism for Mistakes: Receiving criticism rather than constructive feedback when making mistakes can erode self-confidence. A supportive environment that values the learning process and growth helps in developing a healthier perspective on one’s abilities.
• Excessive Pressure to Succeed: Placing overwhelming expectations and constant pressure to excel can lead to feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt. Setting realistic goals and recognising and celebrating efforts, rather than just achievements, is essential for fostering a sense of accomplishment.
• Selective Recognition: Only being noticed or acknowledged when achieving something can create a perception that one’s value is solely tied to accomplishments. A more holistic approach, recognising individual qualities and efforts, helps in building a well-rounded self-esteem.
• Making Comparisons: Comparisons often result in a negative self-perception, as young people may focus on their perceived shortcomings rather than recognising their unique qualities and strengths. If a young person perceives that they don’t measure up to these standards or achievements, it can lead to feelings of inadequacy and lower self-esteem. Research suggests that chronic comparison can contribute to stress, anxiety, and even depression.
• Punishment for Struggling: Being reprimanded for difficulties with schoolwork can lead to feelings of incompetence and anxiety. A supportive educational environment that recognises individual learning styles and provides appropriate assistance helps in building confidence and a positive attitude toward learning.

Addressing these factors involves fostering an environment of empathy, understanding, and strengths-based approaches. Promoting a culture that values diversity, acknowledges efforts, and encourages resilience contributes to the development of robust self-esteem in all children and young people, fostering a more supportive and inclusive society.